Néstor & Cristina Unplugged

Argentina cae en un índice de tecnología al puesto 96 sobre 138 países

Global information technology report

Párrafos destacados del reporte:

Although a number of countries in Latin America and the Caribbean region post notable improvements or consolidate their achievements in networked readiness, the region as a whole continues to trail behind international best practices in leveraging ICT advances.

No Latin American or Caribbean economy appears in the top 20 and only a handful feature in the top 50: Barbados (38th), Chile (39th), Puerto Rico (43rd), Uruguay (45th), and Costa Rica (46th). While Brazil climbs five places to 56th, Mexico is stable at 78th, and Argentina drops five places to 96th.

On the other hand, the analysis reveals several cases of countries that have failed to keep up with their peers. Figure A.2 illustrates the rank evolution of the 10 countries having fallen the most since the 2006–07 edition, namely Mauritania, Algeria, Venezuela, Argentina, El Salvador, the Slovak Republic, Mexico, Jamaica, Thailand, and Bolivia. Latin America and the Carribean hosts six of these laggards.

Notwithstanding a slight improvement in score, Argentina drops five places to 96th, with enduring shortcomings in its market (130th) and regulatory (115th) environments and a worrisome, almost nonexistent government prioritization of ICT diffusion and usage (135th and 101st, respectively, for government readiness and usage). On the other hand, the country boasts a fairly developed infrastructure for ICT (55th), thanks especially to a solid human resource base. Moreover, business readiness remains high at 49th. Likewise, ICT penetration at the individual level (65th) is satisfactory, pointing to the possibility of increasingly leveraging ICT in citizen-government relations, especially for the provision of basic services, for which at the moment Argentina ranks a dismal 135th.

Networked Readiness Index

Edition (No. of economies) Score Rank

2010–2011 (138) ..........................................3.5....96

2009–2010 (133)....................................................................3.4 ......91

2008–2009 (134)....................................................................3.6 ......87

2007–2008 (127)....................................................................3.6 ......77

2006–2007 (122)....................................................................3.6 ......63

Environment component 3.4 100

Market environment 3.2 130

1.01 Venture capital availability* ....................................1.9....123

1.02 Financial market sophistication* ............................3.4....103

1.03 Availability of latest technologies* .........................4.7......82

1.04 State of cluster development*...............................3.6......62

1.05 Burden of government regulation* ........................2.6....122

1.06 Extent & effect of taxation*...................................2.2....136

1.07 Total tax rate, % profits......................................108.2....133

1.08 No. days to start a business ...................................26......88

1.09 No. procedures to start a business.........................14....126

1.10 Freedom of the press* ..........................................3.7....124

Political and regulatory environment 3.4 115

2.01 Effectiveness of law-making bodies* ....................2.2....129

2.02 Laws relating to ICT* .............................................3.1....110

2.03 Judicial independence*..........................................2.6....122

2.04 Efficiency of legal system in settling disputes* ....2.6....129

2.05 Efficiency of legal system in challenging regs*.....2.3....136

2.06 Property rights*......................................................2.7....133

2.07 Intellectual property protection* ............................2.5....125

2.08 Software piracy rate, % software installed.............71......70

2.09 No. procedures to enforce a contract .....................36......54

2.10 No. days to enforce a contract..............................590......81

2.11 Internet & telephony competition, 0–6 (best)...........6........1

Infrastructure environment 3.7 55

3.01 Phone lines/100 pop. ...........................................24.3......53

3.02 Mobile network coverage, % pop. covered.........94.1......84

3.03 Secure Internet servers/million pop.....................19.7......60

3.04 Int’l Internet bandwidth, Mb/s per 10,000 pop....23.2......56

3.05 Electricity production, kWh/capita...................2,914.1......63

3.06 Tertiary education enrollment rate, %..................67.7......19

3.07 Quality scientific research institutions* .................4.1......46

3.08 Availability of scientists & engineers* ...................4.0......76

3.09 Availability research & training services*...............4.5......42

3.10 Accessibility of digital content* .............................4.5......91

Readiness component 3.9 98

Individual readiness 4.8 79

4.01 Quality of math & science education*...................3.2....105

4.02 Quality of educational system*..............................3.3......89

4.03 Adult literacy rate, % ...........................................97.7......50

4.04 Residential phone installation (PPP $)..................76.8......77

4.05 Residential monthly phone subscription (PPP $) ...6.8......41

4.06 Fixed phone tariffs (PPP $) ..................................0.04......18

4.07 Mobile cellular tariffs (PPP $)...............................0.61....111

4.08 Fixed broadband Internet tariffs (PPP $)..............61.4......92

4.09 Buyer sophistication*.............................................3.5......66

Business readiness 4.2 49

5.01 Extent of staff training* .........................................3.8......78

5.02 Quality of management schools* ..........................5.3......16

5.03 Company spending on R&D*.................................3.0......72

5.04 University-industry collaboration in R&D*..............3.8......53

5.05 Business phone installation (PPP $).....................76.8......58

5.06 Business monthly phone subscription (PPP $) ....13.2......51

5.07 Local supplier quality*............................................4.4......74

5.08 Computer, communications, & other

services imports, % services imports ..............32.7......62

Government readiness 2.7 135

6.01 Gov’t prioritization of ICT* .....................................3.0....135

6.02 Gov’t procurement of advanced tech.* .................2.7....129

6.03 Importance of ICT to gov’t vision*.........................2.6....135

Usage component 3.1 85

Individual usage 3.5 65

7.01 Mobile phone subscriptions/100 pop.................130.3......25

7.02 Cellular subscriptions w/data, % total ...................4.4......75

7.03 Households w/ personal computer, %.................37.6......59

7.04 Broadband Internet subscribers/100 pop.............10.6......46

7.05 Internet users/100 pop.........................................34.0......67

7.06 Internet access in schools* ...................................3.0....110

7.07 Use of virtual social networks*..............................5.2......69

7.08 Impact of ICT on access to basic services* ..........3.1....135

Business usage 2.9 82

8.01 Firm-level technology absorption* .........................4.4......93

8.02 Capacity for innovation*.........................................3.0......62

8.03 Extent of business Internet use*...........................4.6......83

8.04 National office patent applications/million pop.......n/a .....n/a

8.05 Patent Cooperation Treaty apps/million pop ..........0.4......75

8.06 High-tech exports, % goods exports .....................2.7......60

8.07 Impact of ICT on new services and products* ......4.3......86

8.08 Impact of ICT on new organizational models* ......4.1......69

Government usage 2.9 101

9.01 Gov’t success in ICT promotion.............................2.9....129

9.02 ICT use & gov’t efficiency*....................................3.2....130

9.03 Government Online Service Index, 0–1 (best).....0.41......43

9.04 E-Participation Index, 0–1 (best)...........................0.20......56

* Out of a 1–7 (best) scale. This indicator is derived from the World Economic

Forum’s Executive Opinion Survey.